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BENCHMARKS-MATH A. Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations:1.
The student understands the different ways numbers are represented and
used in the real world.:3-5:The student... MA.A.1.2.1
names whole numbers combining 3-digit numeration (hundreds, tens, ones)
and the use of number periods, such as ones, thousands, and millions and
associates verbal names, written word names, and standard numerals with
whole numbers, commonly used fractions, decimals, and percents. MA.A.1.2.2
understands the relative size of whole numbers, commonly used fractions,
decimals, and percents. MA.A.1.2.3
understands concrete and symbolic representations of whole numbers,
fractions, decimals, and percents in real-world situations. MA.A.1.2.4
understands that numbers can be represented in a variety of
equivalent forms using whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and percents. 2.
The student understands number systems. MA.A.2.2.1
uses place-value concepts of grouping based upon powers of ten
(thousandths, hundredths, tenths, ones, tens, hundreds, thousands)
within the decimal number system. MA.A.2.2.2
recognizes and compares the decimal number system to the structure
of other number systems such as the Roman numeral system or bases other
than ten. 3.
The student understands the effects of operations on numbers and the
relationships among these operations, selects appropriate operations,
and computes for problem solving.: 3-5: The student... MA.A.3.2.1
understands and explains the effects of addition, subtraction, and
multiplication on whole numbers, decimals, and fractions, including
mixed numbers, and the effects of division on whole numbers, including
the inverse relationship of multiplication and division. MA.A.3.2.2
selects the appropriate operation to solve specific problems
involving addition, subtraction, and multiplication of whole numbers,
decimals, and fractions, and division of whole numbers. MA.A.3.2.3
adds, subtracts, and multiplies whole numbers, decimals, and
fractions, including mixed numbers, and divides whole numbers to solve
real-world problems, using appropriate methods of computing, such as
mental mathematics, paper and pencil, and calculator. 4. The student uses estimation in problem solving and
computation.: 3-5: The student... MA.A.4.2.1
uses and justifies different estimation strategies in a real-world
problem situation and determines the reasonableness of results of
calculations in a given problem situation. 5. The student understands and applies theories related
to numbers. MA.A.5.2.1
understands and applies basic number theory concepts, including primes,
composites, factors, and multiples. B. Measurements:
1.
The student measures quantities in the real world and uses the measures
to solve problems.: 3-5: The student... MA.B.1.2.1
uses concrete and graphic models to develop procedures for solving
problems related to measurement including length, weight, time,
temperature, perimeter, area, volume, and angle. MA.B.1.2.2
solves real-world problems involving length, weight, perimeter, area,
capacity, volume, time, temperature, and angles. 2.
The student compares, contrasts, and converts within systems of
measurement (both standard/nonstandard and metric/customary).: 3-5:
The student... MA.B.2.2.1
uses direct (measured) and indirect (not measured) measures to calculate
and compare measurable characteristics. MA.B.2.2.2
selects and uses appropriate standard and nonstandard units of
measurement, according to type and size. MA.B.3.2.1
solves real-world problems involving estimates of measurements,
including length, time, weight, temperature, money, perimeter, area, and
volume. MA.B.4.2.1
determines which units of measurement, such as seconds, square
inches, dollars per tankful, to use with answers to real-world problems. MA.B.4.2.2
selects and uses appropriate instruments and technology, including
scales, rulers, thermometers, measuring cups, protractors, and gauges,
to measure in real-world situations. C. Geometry and Spatial Sense:
1.
The student describes, draws, identifies, and analyzes two- and
three-dimensional shapes.: 3-5: The student... MA.C.1.2.1
given a verbal description, draws and/or models two- and
three-dimensional shapes and uses appropriate geometric vocabulary to
write a description of a figure or a picture composed of geometric
figures. 2. The student visualizes and illustrates ways in which
shapes can be combined, subdivided, and changed.: 3-5: The
student... MA.C.2.2.1
understands the concepts of spatial relationships, symmetry,
reflections, congruency, and similarity. MA.C.2.2.2
predicts, illustrates, and verifies which figures could result from a
flip, slide, or turn of a given figure. 3.
The student uses coordinate geometry to locate objects in both two and
three dimensions and to describe objects algebraically.: 3-5: The
student... MA.C.3.2.1
represents and applies a variety of strategies and geometric properties
and formulas for two- and three-dimensional shapes to solve real-world
and mathematical problems. MA.C.3.2.2
identifies and plots positive ordered pairs (whole numbers) in a
rectangular coordinate system (graph). D. Algebraic Thinking:
1.
The student describes, analyzes, and generalizes a wide variety of
patterns, relations, and functions.: 3-5: The student... MA.D.1.2.1describes
a wide variety of patterns and relationships through models, such as
manipulative, tables, graphs, rules using algebraic symbols. MA.D.1.2.2
generalizes a pattern, relation, or function to explain how a change in
one quantity results in a change in another. 2.
The student uses expressions, equations, inequalities, graphs, and
formulas to represent and interpret situations.: 3-5: The student... MA.D.2.2.1
represents a given simple problem situation using diagrams, models, and
symbolic expressions translated from verbal phrases, or verbal phrases
translated from symbolic expressions, etc. MA.D.2.2.2
uses informal methods, such as physical models and graphs to solve
real-world problems involving equations and inequalities. E. Data Analysis and Probability:
1.
The student understands and uses the tools of data analysis for managing
information.: 3-5: The student... MA.E.1.2.1
solves problems by generating, collecting, organizing, displaying, and
analyzing data using histograms, bar graphs, circle graphs, line graphs,
pictographs, and charts. MA.E.1.2.2
determines range, mean, median, and mode from sets of data. MA.E.1.2.3
analyzes real-world data to recognize patterns and relationships of the
measures of central tendency using tables, charts, histograms, bar
graphs, line graphs, pictographs, and circle graphs generated by
appropriate technology, including calculators and computers. 2.
The student identifies patterns and makes predictions from an orderly
display of data using concepts of probability and statistics.: 3-5:
The student... MA.E.2.2.1
uses models, such as tree diagrams, to display possible outcomes and to
predict events. MA.E.2.2.2
predicts the likelihood of simple events occurring. MA.E.3.2.1
designs experiments to answer class or personal questions, collects
information, and interprets the results using statistics (range, mean,
median, and mode) and pictographs, charts, bar graphs, circle graphs,
and line graphs. MA.E.3.2.2
uses statistical data about life situations to make predictions and
justifies reasoning.
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